diff --git a/ostd/src/sync/guard.rs b/ostd/src/sync/guard.rs
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..2dfb9a757
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ostd/src/sync/guard.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MPL-2.0
+
+use crate::{
+    task::{disable_preempt, DisabledPreemptGuard},
+    trap::{disable_local, DisabledLocalIrqGuard},
+};
+
+/// A guardian that denotes the guard behavior for holding the spin lock.
+pub trait Guardian {
+    /// The guard type.
+    type Guard: GuardTransfer;
+
+    /// Creates a new guard.
+    fn guard() -> Self::Guard;
+}
+
+/// The Guard can be transferred atomically.
+pub trait GuardTransfer {
+    /// Atomically transfers the current guard to a new instance.
+    ///
+    /// This function ensures that there are no 'gaps' between the destruction of the old guard and
+    /// the creation of the new guard, thereby maintaining the atomicity of guard transitions.
+    ///
+    /// The original guard must be dropped immediately after calling this method.
+    fn transfer_to(&mut self) -> Self;
+}
+
+/// A guardian that disables preemption while holding the spin lock.
+pub struct PreemptDisabled;
+
+impl Guardian for PreemptDisabled {
+    type Guard = DisabledPreemptGuard;
+
+    fn guard() -> Self::Guard {
+        disable_preempt()
+    }
+}
+
+/// A guardian that disables IRQs while holding the spin lock.
+///
+/// This guardian would incur a certain time overhead over
+/// [`PreemptDisabled']. So prefer avoiding using this guardian when
+/// IRQ handlers are allowed to get executed while holding the
+/// lock. For example, if a lock is never used in the interrupt
+/// context, then it is ok not to use this guardian in the process context.
+pub struct LocalIrqDisabled;
+
+impl Guardian for LocalIrqDisabled {
+    type Guard = DisabledLocalIrqGuard;
+
+    fn guard() -> Self::Guard {
+        disable_local()
+    }
+}
diff --git a/ostd/src/sync/mod.rs b/ostd/src/sync/mod.rs
index 02053f2c7..ec75ba0e3 100644
--- a/ostd/src/sync/mod.rs
+++ b/ostd/src/sync/mod.rs
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 
 //! Useful synchronization primitives.
 
+mod guard;
 mod mutex;
 // TODO: refactor this rcu implementation
 // Comment out this module since it raises lint error
@@ -12,7 +13,9 @@ mod spin;
 mod wait;
 
 // pub use self::rcu::{pass_quiescent_state, OwnerPtr, Rcu, RcuReadGuard, RcuReclaimer};
+pub(crate) use self::guard::GuardTransfer;
 pub use self::{
+    guard::{LocalIrqDisabled, PreemptDisabled},
     mutex::{ArcMutexGuard, Mutex, MutexGuard},
     rwlock::{
         ArcRwLockReadGuard, ArcRwLockUpgradeableGuard, ArcRwLockWriteGuard, RwLock,
@@ -22,8 +25,6 @@ pub use self::{
         ArcRwMutexReadGuard, ArcRwMutexUpgradeableGuard, ArcRwMutexWriteGuard, RwMutex,
         RwMutexReadGuard, RwMutexUpgradeableGuard, RwMutexWriteGuard,
     },
-    spin::{
-        ArcSpinLockGuard, GuardTransfer, LocalIrqDisabled, PreemptDisabled, SpinLock, SpinLockGuard,
-    },
+    spin::{ArcSpinLockGuard, SpinLock, SpinLockGuard},
     wait::{WaitQueue, Waiter, Waker},
 };
diff --git a/ostd/src/sync/rwlock.rs b/ostd/src/sync/rwlock.rs
index dd73ff812..db6b023f9 100644
--- a/ostd/src/sync/rwlock.rs
+++ b/ostd/src/sync/rwlock.rs
@@ -14,7 +14,10 @@ use core::{
     },
 };
 
-use super::{spin::Guardian, GuardTransfer, PreemptDisabled};
+use super::{
+    guard::{GuardTransfer, Guardian},
+    PreemptDisabled,
+};
 
 /// Spin-based Read-write Lock
 ///
diff --git a/ostd/src/sync/spin.rs b/ostd/src/sync/spin.rs
index 3f7b0ab0b..0d9ca9d7d 100644
--- a/ostd/src/sync/spin.rs
+++ b/ostd/src/sync/spin.rs
@@ -11,10 +11,7 @@ use core::{
     sync::atomic::{AtomicBool, Ordering},
 };
 
-use crate::{
-    task::{disable_preempt, DisabledPreemptGuard},
-    trap::{disable_local, DisabledLocalIrqGuard},
-};
+use super::{guard::Guardian, LocalIrqDisabled, PreemptDisabled};
 
 /// A spin lock.
 ///
@@ -44,54 +41,6 @@ struct SpinLockInner<T: ?Sized> {
     val: UnsafeCell<T>,
 }
 
-/// A guardian that denotes the guard behavior for holding the spin lock.
-pub trait Guardian {
-    /// The guard type.
-    type Guard: GuardTransfer;
-
-    /// Creates a new guard.
-    fn guard() -> Self::Guard;
-}
-
-/// The Guard can be transferred atomically.
-pub trait GuardTransfer {
-    /// Atomically transfers the current guard to a new instance.
-    ///
-    /// This function ensures that there are no 'gaps' between the destruction of the old guard and
-    /// the creation of the new guard, thereby maintaining the atomicity of guard transitions.
-    ///
-    /// The original guard must be dropped immediately after calling this method.
-    fn transfer_to(&mut self) -> Self;
-}
-
-/// A guardian that disables preemption while holding the spin lock.
-pub struct PreemptDisabled;
-
-impl Guardian for PreemptDisabled {
-    type Guard = DisabledPreemptGuard;
-
-    fn guard() -> Self::Guard {
-        disable_preempt()
-    }
-}
-
-/// A guardian that disables IRQs while holding the spin lock.
-///
-/// This guardian would incur a certain time overhead over
-/// [`PreemptDisabled']. So prefer avoiding using this guardian when
-/// IRQ handlers are allowed to get executed while holding the
-/// lock. For example, if a lock is never used in the interrupt
-/// context, then it is ok not to use this guardian in the process context.
-pub struct LocalIrqDisabled;
-
-impl Guardian for LocalIrqDisabled {
-    type Guard = DisabledLocalIrqGuard;
-
-    fn guard() -> Self::Guard {
-        disable_local()
-    }
-}
-
 impl<T, G> SpinLock<T, G> {
     /// Creates a new spin lock.
     pub const fn new(val: T) -> Self {