diff --git a/kernel/src/net/iface/any_socket.rs b/kernel/src/net/iface/any_socket.rs
index cce36b625..97379fc5e 100644
--- a/kernel/src/net/iface/any_socket.rs
+++ b/kernel/src/net/iface/any_socket.rs
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: MPL-2.0
 
-use super::Iface;
+use super::{ext::IfaceExt, Iface};
 use crate::{
     events::Observer,
     net::socket::ip::{IpAddress, IpEndpoint},
@@ -63,11 +63,11 @@ impl AnyUnboundSocket {
     }
 }
 
-pub struct AnyBoundSocket(Arc<AnyBoundSocketInner>);
+pub struct AnyBoundSocket<E = IfaceExt>(Arc<AnyBoundSocketInner<E>>);
 
-impl AnyBoundSocket {
+impl<E> AnyBoundSocket<E> {
     pub(super) fn new(
-        iface: Arc<dyn Iface>,
+        iface: Arc<dyn Iface<E>>,
         handle: smoltcp::iface::SocketHandle,
         port: u16,
         socket_family: SocketFamily,
@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ impl AnyBoundSocket {
         }))
     }
 
-    pub(super) fn inner(&self) -> &Arc<AnyBoundSocketInner> {
+    pub(super) fn inner(&self) -> &Arc<AnyBoundSocketInner<E>> {
         &self.0
     }
 
@@ -144,12 +144,12 @@ impl AnyBoundSocket {
         Ok(())
     }
 
-    pub fn iface(&self) -> &Arc<dyn Iface> {
+    pub fn iface(&self) -> &Arc<dyn Iface<E>> {
         &self.0.iface
     }
 }
 
-impl Drop for AnyBoundSocket {
+impl<E> Drop for AnyBoundSocket<E> {
     fn drop(&mut self) {
         if self.0.start_closing() {
             self.0.iface.common().remove_bound_socket_now(&self.0);
@@ -162,15 +162,15 @@ impl Drop for AnyBoundSocket {
     }
 }
 
-pub(super) struct AnyBoundSocketInner {
-    iface: Arc<dyn Iface>,
+pub(super) struct AnyBoundSocketInner<E> {
+    iface: Arc<dyn Iface<E>>,
     handle: smoltcp::iface::SocketHandle,
     port: u16,
     socket_family: SocketFamily,
     observer: RwLock<Weak<dyn Observer<()>>>,
 }
 
-impl AnyBoundSocketInner {
+impl<E> AnyBoundSocketInner<E> {
     pub(super) fn on_iface_events(&self) {
         if let Some(observer) = Weak::upgrade(&*self.observer.read()) {
             observer.on_events(&())
@@ -218,7 +218,7 @@ impl AnyBoundSocketInner {
     }
 }
 
-impl Drop for AnyBoundSocketInner {
+impl<E> Drop for AnyBoundSocketInner<E> {
     fn drop(&mut self) {
         let iface_common = self.iface.common();
         iface_common.remove_socket(self.handle);
diff --git a/kernel/src/net/iface/common.rs b/kernel/src/net/iface/common.rs
index 02125123e..492e73294 100644
--- a/kernel/src/net/iface/common.rs
+++ b/kernel/src/net/iface/common.rs
@@ -1,10 +1,9 @@
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: MPL-2.0
 
 use alloc::collections::btree_map::Entry;
-use core::sync::atomic::{AtomicU64, Ordering};
 
 use keyable_arc::KeyableArc;
-use ostd::sync::{LocalIrqDisabled, WaitQueue};
+use ostd::sync::LocalIrqDisabled;
 use smoltcp::{
     iface::{SocketHandle, SocketSet},
     phy::Device,
@@ -12,36 +11,33 @@ use smoltcp::{
 
 use super::{
     any_socket::{AnyBoundSocketInner, AnyRawSocket, AnyUnboundSocket, SocketFamily},
+    ext::IfaceExt,
     time::get_network_timestamp,
     util::BindPortConfig,
     AnyBoundSocket, Iface,
 };
 use crate::{net::socket::ip::Ipv4Address, prelude::*};
 
-pub struct IfaceCommon {
+pub struct IfaceCommon<E = IfaceExt> {
     interface: SpinLock<smoltcp::iface::Interface>,
     sockets: SpinLock<SocketSet<'static>>,
     used_ports: RwLock<BTreeMap<u16, usize>>,
-    /// The time should do next poll. We stores the total milliseconds since system boots up.
-    next_poll_at_ms: AtomicU64,
-    bound_sockets: RwLock<BTreeSet<KeyableArc<AnyBoundSocketInner>>>,
-    closing_sockets: SpinLock<BTreeSet<KeyableArc<AnyBoundSocketInner>>>,
-    /// The wait queue that background polling thread will sleep on
-    polling_wait_queue: WaitQueue,
+    bound_sockets: RwLock<BTreeSet<KeyableArc<AnyBoundSocketInner<E>>>>,
+    closing_sockets: SpinLock<BTreeSet<KeyableArc<AnyBoundSocketInner<E>>>>,
+    ext: E,
 }
 
-impl IfaceCommon {
-    pub(super) fn new(interface: smoltcp::iface::Interface) -> Self {
+impl<E> IfaceCommon<E> {
+    pub(super) fn new(interface: smoltcp::iface::Interface, ext: E) -> Self {
         let socket_set = SocketSet::new(Vec::new());
         let used_ports = BTreeMap::new();
         Self {
             interface: SpinLock::new(interface),
             sockets: SpinLock::new(socket_set),
             used_ports: RwLock::new(used_ports),
-            next_poll_at_ms: AtomicU64::new(0),
             bound_sockets: RwLock::new(BTreeSet::new()),
             closing_sockets: SpinLock::new(BTreeSet::new()),
-            polling_wait_queue: WaitQueue::new(),
+            ext,
         }
     }
 
@@ -65,10 +61,6 @@ impl IfaceCommon {
         self.interface.disable_irq().lock().ipv4_addr()
     }
 
-    pub(super) fn polling_wait_queue(&self) -> &WaitQueue {
-        &self.polling_wait_queue
-    }
-
     /// Alloc an unused port range from 49152 ~ 65535 (According to smoltcp docs)
     fn alloc_ephemeral_port(&self) -> Result<u16> {
         let mut used_ports = self.used_ports.write();
@@ -108,10 +100,10 @@ impl IfaceCommon {
 
     pub(super) fn bind_socket(
         &self,
-        iface: Arc<dyn Iface>,
+        iface: Arc<dyn Iface<E>>,
         socket: Box<AnyUnboundSocket>,
         config: BindPortConfig,
-    ) -> core::result::Result<AnyBoundSocket, (Error, Box<AnyUnboundSocket>)> {
+    ) -> core::result::Result<AnyBoundSocket<E>, (Error, Box<AnyUnboundSocket>)> {
         let port = if let Some(port) = config.port() {
             port
         } else {
@@ -147,7 +139,8 @@ impl IfaceCommon {
         self.sockets.disable_irq().lock().remove(handle);
     }
 
-    pub(super) fn poll<D: Device + ?Sized>(&self, device: &mut D) {
+    #[must_use]
+    pub(super) fn poll<D: Device + ?Sized>(&self, device: &mut D) -> Option<u64> {
         let mut sockets = self.sockets.disable_irq().lock();
         let mut interface = self.interface.disable_irq().lock();
 
@@ -183,18 +176,6 @@ impl IfaceCommon {
         drop(interface);
         drop(sockets);
 
-        if let Some(instant) = poll_at {
-            let old_instant = self.next_poll_at_ms.load(Ordering::Relaxed);
-            let new_instant = instant.total_millis() as u64;
-            self.next_poll_at_ms.store(new_instant, Ordering::Relaxed);
-
-            if old_instant == 0 || new_instant < old_instant {
-                self.polling_wait_queue.wake_all();
-            }
-        } else {
-            self.next_poll_at_ms.store(0, Ordering::Relaxed);
-        }
-
         if has_events {
             // We never try to hold the write lock in the IRQ context, and we disable IRQ when
             // holding the write lock. So we don't need to disable IRQ when holding the read lock.
@@ -210,18 +191,15 @@ impl IfaceCommon {
                 .collect::<Vec<_>>();
             drop(closed_sockets);
         }
+
+        poll_at.map(|at| smoltcp::time::Instant::total_millis(&at) as u64)
     }
 
-    pub(super) fn next_poll_at_ms(&self) -> Option<u64> {
-        let millis = self.next_poll_at_ms.load(Ordering::Relaxed);
-        if millis == 0 {
-            None
-        } else {
-            Some(millis)
-        }
+    pub(super) fn ext(&self) -> &E {
+        &self.ext
     }
 
-    fn insert_bound_socket(&self, socket: &Arc<AnyBoundSocketInner>) {
+    fn insert_bound_socket(&self, socket: &Arc<AnyBoundSocketInner<E>>) {
         let keyable_socket = KeyableArc::from(socket.clone());
 
         let inserted = self
@@ -231,7 +209,7 @@ impl IfaceCommon {
         assert!(inserted);
     }
 
-    pub(super) fn remove_bound_socket_now(&self, socket: &Arc<AnyBoundSocketInner>) {
+    pub(super) fn remove_bound_socket_now(&self, socket: &Arc<AnyBoundSocketInner<E>>) {
         let keyable_socket = KeyableArc::from(socket.clone());
 
         let removed = self
@@ -241,7 +219,7 @@ impl IfaceCommon {
         assert!(removed);
     }
 
-    pub(super) fn remove_bound_socket_when_closed(&self, socket: &Arc<AnyBoundSocketInner>) {
+    pub(super) fn remove_bound_socket_when_closed(&self, socket: &Arc<AnyBoundSocketInner<E>>) {
         let keyable_socket = KeyableArc::from(socket.clone());
 
         let removed = self
diff --git a/kernel/src/net/iface/ext.rs b/kernel/src/net/iface/ext.rs
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..48ad7da95
--- /dev/null
+++ b/kernel/src/net/iface/ext.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MPL-2.0
+
+use alloc::string::String;
+use core::sync::atomic::{AtomicU64, Ordering};
+
+use ostd::sync::WaitQueue;
+
+use super::Iface;
+
+/// The iface extension.
+pub struct IfaceExt {
+    /// The name of the iface.
+    name: String,
+    /// The time when we should do the next poll.
+    /// We store the total number of milliseconds since the system booted.
+    next_poll_at_ms: AtomicU64,
+    /// The wait queue that the background polling thread will sleep on.
+    polling_wait_queue: WaitQueue,
+}
+
+impl IfaceExt {
+    pub(super) fn new(name: String) -> Self {
+        Self {
+            name,
+            next_poll_at_ms: AtomicU64::new(0),
+            polling_wait_queue: WaitQueue::new(),
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub(super) fn next_poll_at_ms(&self) -> Option<u64> {
+        let millis = self.next_poll_at_ms.load(Ordering::Relaxed);
+        if millis == 0 {
+            None
+        } else {
+            Some(millis)
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub(super) fn polling_wait_queue(&self) -> &WaitQueue {
+        &self.polling_wait_queue
+    }
+
+    fn schedule_next_poll(&self, poll_at: Option<u64>) {
+        let Some(new_instant) = poll_at else {
+            self.next_poll_at_ms.store(0, Ordering::Relaxed);
+            return;
+        };
+
+        let old_instant = self.next_poll_at_ms.load(Ordering::Relaxed);
+        self.next_poll_at_ms.store(new_instant, Ordering::Relaxed);
+
+        if old_instant == 0 || new_instant < old_instant {
+            self.polling_wait_queue.wake_all();
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+pub trait IfaceEx {
+    /// Gets the name of the iface.
+    ///
+    /// In Linux, the name is usually the driver name followed by a unit number.
+    fn name(&self) -> &str;
+
+    /// Transmits or receives packets queued in the iface, and updates socket status accordingly.
+    ///
+    /// The background polling thread is woken up to perform the next poll if necessary.
+    fn poll(&self);
+}
+
+impl IfaceEx for dyn Iface<IfaceExt> {
+    fn name(&self) -> &str {
+        &self.ext().name
+    }
+
+    fn poll(&self) {
+        self.raw_poll(&|next_poll| self.ext().schedule_next_poll(next_poll));
+    }
+}
diff --git a/kernel/src/net/iface/init.rs b/kernel/src/net/iface/init.rs
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..f7572617e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/kernel/src/net/iface/init.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MPL-2.0
+
+use alloc::sync::Arc;
+
+use spin::Once;
+
+use super::{spawn_background_poll_thread, Iface};
+use crate::{
+    net::iface::{ext::IfaceEx, IfaceLoopback, IfaceVirtio},
+    prelude::*,
+};
+
+pub static IFACES: Once<Vec<Arc<dyn Iface>>> = Once::new();
+
+pub fn init() {
+    IFACES.call_once(|| {
+        let iface_virtio = IfaceVirtio::new();
+        let iface_loopback = IfaceLoopback::new();
+        vec![iface_virtio, iface_loopback]
+    });
+
+    for (name, _) in aster_network::all_devices() {
+        aster_network::register_recv_callback(&name, || {
+            // TODO: further check that the irq num is the same as iface's irq num
+            let iface_virtio = &IFACES.get().unwrap()[0];
+            iface_virtio.poll();
+        })
+    }
+
+    poll_ifaces();
+}
+
+pub fn lazy_init() {
+    for iface in IFACES.get().unwrap() {
+        spawn_background_poll_thread(iface.clone());
+    }
+}
+
+pub fn poll_ifaces() {
+    let ifaces = IFACES.get().unwrap();
+
+    for iface in ifaces.iter() {
+        iface.poll();
+    }
+}
diff --git a/kernel/src/net/iface/loopback.rs b/kernel/src/net/iface/loopback.rs
index eba160a69..57296821b 100644
--- a/kernel/src/net/iface/loopback.rs
+++ b/kernel/src/net/iface/loopback.rs
@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: MPL-2.0
 
+use alloc::borrow::ToOwned;
+
 use smoltcp::{
     iface::Config,
     phy::{Loopback, Medium},
@@ -9,7 +11,7 @@ use smoltcp::{
 use super::{common::IfaceCommon, internal::IfaceInternal, Iface};
 use crate::{
     net::{
-        iface::time::get_network_timestamp,
+        iface::{ext::IfaceExt, time::get_network_timestamp},
         socket::ip::{IpAddress, Ipv4Address},
     },
     prelude::*,
@@ -29,6 +31,7 @@ pub struct IfaceLoopback {
 impl IfaceLoopback {
     pub fn new() -> Arc<Self> {
         let mut loopback = Loopback::new(Medium::Ip);
+
         let interface = {
             let config = Config::new(smoltcp::wire::HardwareAddress::Ip);
             let now = get_network_timestamp();
@@ -41,28 +44,27 @@ impl IfaceLoopback {
             });
             interface
         };
+
         println!("Loopback ipaddr: {}", interface.ipv4_addr().unwrap());
-        let common = IfaceCommon::new(interface);
+
         Arc::new(Self {
             driver: Mutex::new(loopback),
-            common,
+            common: IfaceCommon::new(interface, IfaceExt::new("lo".to_owned())),
         })
     }
 }
 
-impl IfaceInternal for IfaceLoopback {
+impl IfaceInternal<IfaceExt> for IfaceLoopback {
     fn common(&self) -> &IfaceCommon {
         &self.common
     }
 }
 
 impl Iface for IfaceLoopback {
-    fn name(&self) -> &str {
-        "lo"
-    }
-
-    fn poll(&self) {
+    fn raw_poll(&self, schedule_next_poll: &dyn Fn(Option<u64>)) {
         let mut device = self.driver.lock();
-        self.common.poll(&mut *device);
+
+        let next_poll = self.common.poll(&mut *device);
+        schedule_next_poll(next_poll);
     }
 }
diff --git a/kernel/src/net/iface/mod.rs b/kernel/src/net/iface/mod.rs
index 552fbb3bc..d0baf3c29 100644
--- a/kernel/src/net/iface/mod.rs
+++ b/kernel/src/net/iface/mod.rs
@@ -1,12 +1,12 @@
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: MPL-2.0
 
-use ostd::sync::WaitQueue;
-
 use self::common::IfaceCommon;
 use crate::prelude::*;
 
 mod any_socket;
 mod common;
+mod ext;
+mod init;
 mod loopback;
 mod time;
 mod util;
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ pub use any_socket::{
     AnyBoundSocket, AnyUnboundSocket, RawTcpSocket, RawUdpSocket, TCP_RECV_BUF_LEN,
     TCP_SEND_BUF_LEN, UDP_RECV_PAYLOAD_LEN, UDP_SEND_PAYLOAD_LEN,
 };
+pub use init::{init, lazy_init, poll_ifaces, IFACES};
 pub use loopback::IfaceLoopback;
 pub use smoltcp::wire::EthernetAddress;
 pub use util::{spawn_background_poll_thread, BindPortConfig};
@@ -29,17 +30,21 @@ use crate::net::socket::ip::Ipv4Address;
 /// computer to a network. Network interfaces can be physical components like Ethernet ports or
 /// wireless adapters. They can also be virtual interfaces created by software, such as virtual
 /// private network (VPN) connections.
-pub trait Iface: internal::IfaceInternal + Send + Sync {
-    /// Gets the name of the iface.
-    ///
-    /// In Linux, the name is usually the driver name followed by a unit number.
-    fn name(&self) -> &str;
-
+pub trait Iface<E = ext::IfaceExt>: internal::IfaceInternal<E> + Send + Sync {
     /// Transmits or receives packets queued in the iface, and updates socket status accordingly.
-    fn poll(&self);
+    ///
+    /// The `schedule_next_poll` callback is invoked with the time at which the next poll should be
+    /// performed, or `None` if no next poll is required. It's up to the caller to determine the
+    /// mechanism to ensure that the next poll happens at the right time (e.g. by setting a timer).
+    fn raw_poll(&self, schedule_next_poll: &dyn Fn(Option<u64>));
 }
 
-impl dyn Iface {
+impl<E> dyn Iface<E> {
+    /// Gets the extension of the iface.
+    pub fn ext(&self) -> &E {
+        self.common().ext()
+    }
+
     /// Binds a socket to the iface.
     ///
     /// After binding the socket to the iface, the iface will handle all packets to and from the
@@ -55,7 +60,7 @@ impl dyn Iface {
         self: &Arc<Self>,
         socket: Box<AnyUnboundSocket>,
         config: BindPortConfig,
-    ) -> core::result::Result<AnyBoundSocket, (Error, Box<AnyUnboundSocket>)> {
+    ) -> core::result::Result<AnyBoundSocket<E>, (Error, Box<AnyUnboundSocket>)> {
         let common = self.common();
         common.bind_socket(self.clone(), socket, config)
     }
@@ -66,23 +71,13 @@ impl dyn Iface {
     pub fn ipv4_addr(&self) -> Option<Ipv4Address> {
         self.common().ipv4_addr()
     }
-
-    /// Gets the wait queue that the background polling thread will sleep on.
-    fn polling_wait_queue(&self) -> &WaitQueue {
-        self.common().polling_wait_queue()
-    }
-
-    /// Gets the time when we should perform another poll.
-    fn next_poll_at_ms(&self) -> Option<u64> {
-        self.common().next_poll_at_ms()
-    }
 }
 
 mod internal {
     use super::*;
 
     /// An internal trait that abstracts the common part of different ifaces.
-    pub trait IfaceInternal {
-        fn common(&self) -> &IfaceCommon;
+    pub trait IfaceInternal<E> {
+        fn common(&self) -> &IfaceCommon<E>;
     }
 }
diff --git a/kernel/src/net/iface/util.rs b/kernel/src/net/iface/util.rs
index bc73a6886..8416bc023 100644
--- a/kernel/src/net/iface/util.rs
+++ b/kernel/src/net/iface/util.rs
@@ -4,14 +4,13 @@ use core::time::Duration;
 
 use ostd::{arch::timer::Jiffies, task::Priority};
 
-use super::Iface;
+use super::{ext::IfaceEx, Iface};
 use crate::{
     prelude::*,
     thread::{
         kernel_thread::{KernelThreadExt, ThreadOptions},
         Thread,
     },
-    time::wait::WaitTimeout,
 };
 
 pub enum BindPortConfig {
@@ -51,12 +50,15 @@ impl BindPortConfig {
 pub fn spawn_background_poll_thread(iface: Arc<dyn Iface>) {
     let task_fn = move || {
         trace!("spawn background poll thread for {}", iface.name());
-        let wait_queue = iface.polling_wait_queue();
+
+        let iface_ext = iface.ext();
+        let wait_queue = iface_ext.polling_wait_queue();
+
         loop {
-            let next_poll_at_ms = if let Some(next_poll_at_ms) = iface.next_poll_at_ms() {
+            let next_poll_at_ms = if let Some(next_poll_at_ms) = iface_ext.next_poll_at_ms() {
                 next_poll_at_ms
             } else {
-                wait_queue.wait_until(|| iface.next_poll_at_ms())
+                wait_queue.wait_until(|| iface_ext.next_poll_at_ms())
             };
 
             let now_as_ms = Jiffies::elapsed().as_duration().as_millis() as u64;
@@ -76,8 +78,9 @@ pub fn spawn_background_poll_thread(iface: Arc<dyn Iface>) {
 
             let duration = Duration::from_millis(next_poll_at_ms - now_as_ms);
             wait_queue.wait_until_or_timeout(
-                // If `iface.next_poll_at_ms()` changes to an earlier time, we will end the waiting.
-                || (iface.next_poll_at_ms()? < next_poll_at_ms).then_some(()),
+                // If `iface_ext.next_poll_at_ms()` changes to an earlier time, we will end the
+                // waiting.
+                || (iface_ext.next_poll_at_ms()? < next_poll_at_ms).then_some(()),
                 &duration,
             );
         }
diff --git a/kernel/src/net/iface/virtio.rs b/kernel/src/net/iface/virtio.rs
index 4d47fcbb2..5afd84d2c 100644
--- a/kernel/src/net/iface/virtio.rs
+++ b/kernel/src/net/iface/virtio.rs
@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: MPL-2.0
 
+use alloc::borrow::ToOwned;
+
 use aster_network::AnyNetworkDevice;
 use aster_virtio::device::network::DEVICE_NAME;
 use ostd::sync::PreemptDisabled;
@@ -9,7 +11,9 @@ use smoltcp::{
     wire::{self, IpCidr},
 };
 
-use super::{common::IfaceCommon, internal::IfaceInternal, time::get_network_timestamp, Iface};
+use super::{
+    common::IfaceCommon, ext::IfaceExt, internal::IfaceInternal, time::get_network_timestamp, Iface,
+};
 use crate::prelude::*;
 
 pub struct IfaceVirtio {
@@ -21,6 +25,7 @@ pub struct IfaceVirtio {
 impl IfaceVirtio {
     pub fn new() -> Arc<Self> {
         let virtio_net = aster_network::get_device(DEVICE_NAME).unwrap();
+
         let interface = {
             let mac_addr = virtio_net.lock().mac_addr();
             let ip_addr = IpCidr::new(wire::IpAddress::Ipv4(wire::Ipv4Address::UNSPECIFIED), 0);
@@ -37,10 +42,13 @@ impl IfaceVirtio {
             });
             interface
         };
-        let common = IfaceCommon::new(interface);
+
+        let common = IfaceCommon::new(interface, IfaceExt::new("virtio".to_owned()));
+
         let mut socket_set = common.sockets();
         let dhcp_handle = init_dhcp_client(&mut socket_set);
         drop(socket_set);
+
         Arc::new(Self {
             driver: virtio_net,
             common,
@@ -87,20 +95,19 @@ impl IfaceVirtio {
     }
 }
 
-impl IfaceInternal for IfaceVirtio {
+impl IfaceInternal<IfaceExt> for IfaceVirtio {
     fn common(&self) -> &IfaceCommon {
         &self.common
     }
 }
 
 impl Iface for IfaceVirtio {
-    fn name(&self) -> &str {
-        "virtio"
-    }
-
-    fn poll(&self) {
+    fn raw_poll(&self, schedule_next_poll: &dyn Fn(Option<u64>)) {
         let mut driver = self.driver.disable_irq().lock();
-        self.common.poll(&mut *driver);
+
+        let next_poll = self.common.poll(&mut *driver);
+        schedule_next_poll(next_poll);
+
         self.process_dhcp();
     }
 }
diff --git a/kernel/src/net/mod.rs b/kernel/src/net/mod.rs
index 6a7d4b665..88e105905 100644
--- a/kernel/src/net/mod.rs
+++ b/kernel/src/net/mod.rs
@@ -1,47 +1,14 @@
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: MPL-2.0
 
-use spin::Once;
-
-use self::{iface::spawn_background_poll_thread, socket::vsock};
-use crate::{
-    net::iface::{Iface, IfaceLoopback, IfaceVirtio},
-    prelude::*,
-};
-
-pub static IFACES: Once<Vec<Arc<dyn Iface>>> = Once::new();
-
 pub mod iface;
 pub mod socket;
 
 pub fn init() {
-    IFACES.call_once(|| {
-        let iface_virtio = IfaceVirtio::new();
-        let iface_loopback = IfaceLoopback::new();
-        vec![iface_virtio, iface_loopback]
-    });
-
-    for (name, _) in aster_network::all_devices() {
-        aster_network::register_recv_callback(&name, || {
-            // TODO: further check that the irq num is the same as iface's irq num
-            let iface_virtio = &IFACES.get().unwrap()[0];
-            iface_virtio.poll();
-        })
-    }
-    poll_ifaces();
-    vsock::init();
+    iface::init();
+    socket::vsock::init();
 }
 
 /// Lazy init should be called after spawning init thread.
 pub fn lazy_init() {
-    for iface in IFACES.get().unwrap() {
-        spawn_background_poll_thread(iface.clone());
-    }
-}
-
-/// Poll iface
-pub fn poll_ifaces() {
-    let ifaces = IFACES.get().unwrap();
-    for iface in ifaces.iter() {
-        iface.poll();
-    }
+    iface::lazy_init();
 }
diff --git a/kernel/src/net/socket/ip/common.rs b/kernel/src/net/socket/ip/common.rs
index 48be647d6..c60d33644 100644
--- a/kernel/src/net/socket/ip/common.rs
+++ b/kernel/src/net/socket/ip/common.rs
@@ -2,10 +2,7 @@
 
 use super::{IpAddress, IpEndpoint};
 use crate::{
-    net::{
-        iface::{AnyBoundSocket, AnyUnboundSocket, BindPortConfig, Iface},
-        IFACES,
-    },
+    net::iface::{AnyBoundSocket, AnyUnboundSocket, BindPortConfig, Iface, IFACES},
     prelude::*,
 };
 
diff --git a/kernel/src/net/socket/ip/datagram/mod.rs b/kernel/src/net/socket/ip/datagram/mod.rs
index b2d562a99..6420919ac 100644
--- a/kernel/src/net/socket/ip/datagram/mod.rs
+++ b/kernel/src/net/socket/ip/datagram/mod.rs
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ use crate::{
     fs::{file_handle::FileLike, utils::StatusFlags},
     match_sock_option_mut,
     net::{
-        poll_ifaces,
+        iface::poll_ifaces,
         socket::{
             options::{Error as SocketError, SocketOption},
             util::{
diff --git a/kernel/src/net/socket/ip/stream/mod.rs b/kernel/src/net/socket/ip/stream/mod.rs
index 5ca0d552c..bedd310bb 100644
--- a/kernel/src/net/socket/ip/stream/mod.rs
+++ b/kernel/src/net/socket/ip/stream/mod.rs
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ use crate::{
     fs::{file_handle::FileLike, utils::StatusFlags},
     match_sock_option_mut, match_sock_option_ref,
     net::{
-        poll_ifaces,
+        iface::poll_ifaces,
         socket::{
             options::{Error as SocketError, SocketOption},
             util::{