Fix vendoring for go-execute

Signed-off-by: Alex Ellis (OpenFaaS Ltd) <alexellis2@gmail.com>

.gitignore

@@ -1,2 +1,3 @@
 /faasd
 hosts
+/resolv.conf

Gopkg.lock

@@ -37,6 +37,14 @@
   pruneopts = "UT"
   revision = "9e921883ac929bbe515b39793ece99ce3a9d7706"
 
+[[projects]]
+  digest = "1:74860eb071d52337d67e9ffd6893b29affebd026505aa917ec23131576a91a77"
+  name = "github.com/alexellis/go-execute"
+  packages = ["pkg/v1"]
+  pruneopts = "UT"
+  revision = "961405ea754427780f2151adff607fa740d377f7"
+  version = "0.3.0"
+
 [[projects]]
   digest = "1:386ca0ac781cc1b630b3ed21725759770174140164b3faf3810e6ed6366a970b"
   name = "github.com/containerd/containerd"
@@ -440,6 +448,7 @@
   analyzer-name = "dep"
   analyzer-version = 1
   input-imports = [
+    "github.com/alexellis/go-execute/pkg/v1",
     "github.com/containerd/containerd",
     "github.com/containerd/containerd/cio",
     "github.com/containerd/containerd/containers",
@@ -451,6 +460,7 @@
     "github.com/spf13/cobra",
     "github.com/vishvananda/netlink",
     "github.com/vishvananda/netns",
+    "golang.org/x/sys/unix",
   ]
   solver-name = "gps-cdcl"
   solver-version = 1

Gopkg.toml

@@ -1,30 +1,3 @@
-# Gopkg.toml example
-#
-# Refer to https://golang.github.io/dep/docs/Gopkg.toml.html
-# for detailed Gopkg.toml documentation.
-#
-# required = ["github.com/user/thing/cmd/thing"]
-# ignored = ["github.com/user/project/pkgX", "bitbucket.org/user/project/pkgA/pkgY"]
-#
-# [[constraint]]
-#   name = "github.com/user/project"
-#   version = "1.0.0"
-#
-# [[constraint]]
-#   name = "github.com/user/project2"
-#   branch = "dev"
-#   source = "github.com/myfork/project2"
-#
-# [[override]]
-#   name = "github.com/x/y"
-#   version = "2.4.0"
-#
-# [prune]
-#   non-go = false
-#   go-tests = true
-#   unused-packages = true
-
-
 [[constraint]]
   name = "github.com/containerd/containerd"
   version = "1.3.2"
@@ -37,6 +10,11 @@
   name = "github.com/spf13/cobra"
   version = "0.0.5"
 
+
+[[constraint]]
+  name = "github.com/alexellis/go-execute"
+  version = "0.3.0"
+
 [prune]
   go-tests = true
   unused-packages = true

Makefile

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 Version := $(shell git describe --tags --dirty)
 GitCommit := $(shell git rev-parse HEAD)
-LDFLAGS := "-s -w -X main.Version=$(Version) -X main.GitCommit=$(GitCommit)"
+LDFLAGS := "-s -w -X pkg.Version=$(Version) -X pkg.GitCommit=$(GitCommit)"
 
 .PHONY: all
 all: local
@@ -11,5 +11,5 @@ local:
 .PHONY: dist
 dist:
 	CGO_ENABLED=0 GOOS=linux go build -ldflags $(LDFLAGS) -a -installsuffix cgo -o bin/faasd
-	CGO_ENABLED=0 GOOS=linux GOARCH=arm GOARM=6 go build -ldflags $(LDFLAGS) -a -installsuffix cgo -o bin/faasd-armhf
+	CGO_ENABLED=0 GOOS=linux GOARCH=arm GOARM=7 go build -ldflags $(LDFLAGS) -a -installsuffix cgo -o bin/faasd-armhf
 	CGO_ENABLED=0 GOOS=linux GOARCH=arm64 go build -ldflags $(LDFLAGS) -a -installsuffix cgo -o bin/faasd-arm64

README.md

@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
 # faasd - serverless with containerd
 
+[![Build Status](https://travis-ci.com/alexellis/faasd.svg?branch=master)](https://travis-ci.com/alexellis/faasd)
+
 faasd is a Golang supervisor that bundles OpenFaaS for use with containerd instead of a container orchestrator like Kubernetes or Docker Swarm.
 
 ## About faasd:
@@ -58,6 +60,29 @@ cd $GOPATH/src/github.com/alexellis/faasd
 go build && sudo ./faasd
 ```
 
+Or get from binaries:
+
+
+### Build and run
+
+```sh
+# For x86_64
+sudo curl -fSLs "https://github.com/alexellis/faasd/releases/download/0.2.1/faasd" \
+    -o "/usr/local/bin/faasd" \
+    && sudo chmod a+x "/usr/local/bin/faasd"
+
+# armhf
+sudo curl -fSLs "https://github.com/alexellis/faasd/releases/download/0.2.1/faasd-armhf" \
+    -o "/usr/local/bin/faasd" \
+    && sudo chmod a+x "/usr/local/bin/faasd"
+
+# arm64
+sudo curl -fSLs "https://github.com/alexellis/faasd/releases/download/0.2.1/faasd-arm64" \
+    -o "/usr/local/bin/faasd" \
+    && sudo chmod a+x "/usr/local/bin/faasd"
+```
+
+
 Look in `hosts` in the current working folder to get the IP for the gateway or Prometheus
 
 ```sh
@@ -81,3 +106,15 @@ echo faas-containerd gateway prometheus |xargs sudo ctr container rm
 
 echo faas-containerd gateway prometheus |xargs sudo ctr snapshot rm
 ```
+
+## Links
+
+https://github.com/renatofq/ctrofb/blob/31968e4b4893f3603e9998f21933c4131523bb5d/cmd/network.go
+
+https://github.com/renatofq/catraia/blob/c4f62c86bddbfadbead38cd2bfe6d920fba26dce/catraia-net/network.go
+
+https://github.com/containernetworking/plugins
+
+https://github.com/containerd/go-cni
+
+

cmd/install.go

@@ -0,0 +1,75 @@
+package cmd
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"os"
+	"path"
+
+	systemd "github.com/alexellis/faasd/pkg/systemd"
+
+	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
+)
+
+var installCmd = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:   "install",
+	Short: "Install faasd",
+	RunE:  runInstall,
+}
+
+func runInstall(_ *cobra.Command, _ []string) error {
+
+	err := binExists("/usr/local/bin/", "faas-containerd")
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	err = binExists("/usr/local/bin/", "netns")
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	err = systemd.InstallUnit("faas-containerd")
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	err = systemd.InstallUnit("faasd")
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	err = systemd.DaemonReload()
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	err = systemd.Enable("faas-containerd")
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	err = systemd.Enable("faasd")
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	err = systemd.Start("faas-containerd")
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	err = systemd.Start("faasd")
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+func binExists(folder, name string) error {
+	findPath := path.Join(folder, name)
+	if _, err := os.Stat(findPath); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("unable to stat %s, install this binary before continuing", findPath)
+	}
+	return nil
+}

cmd/root.go

@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@ const WelcomeMessage = "Welcome to faasd"
 func init() {
 	rootCommand.AddCommand(versionCmd)
 	rootCommand.AddCommand(upCmd)
+	rootCommand.AddCommand(installCmd)
 }
 
 var rootCommand = &cobra.Command{

cmd/up.go

@@ -1,9 +1,13 @@
 package cmd
 
 import (
+	"fmt"
 	"log"
 	"os"
+	"os/signal"
 	"path"
+	"sync"
+	"syscall"
 	"time"
 
 	"github.com/alexellis/faasd/pkg"
@@ -18,20 +22,64 @@ var upCmd = &cobra.Command{
 
 func runUp(_ *cobra.Command, _ []string) error {
 
+	services := makeServiceDefinitions()
+
+	start := time.Now()
+	supervisor, err := pkg.NewSupervisor("/run/containerd/containerd.sock")
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	log.Printf("Supervisor created in: %s\n", time.Since(start).String())
+
+	start = time.Now()
+
+	err = supervisor.Start(services)
+
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	defer supervisor.Close()
+
+	log.Printf("Supervisor init done in: %s\n", time.Since(start).String())
+
+	shutdownTimeout := time.Second * 1
+
+	wg := sync.WaitGroup{}
+	wg.Add(1)
+	go func() {
+		sig := make(chan os.Signal, 1)
+		signal.Notify(sig, syscall.SIGTERM, syscall.SIGINT)
+
+		log.Printf("faasd: waiting for SIGTERM or SIGINT\n")
+		<-sig
+
+		log.Printf("Signal received.. shutting down server in %s\n", shutdownTimeout.String())
+		err := supervisor.Remove(services)
+		if err != nil {
+			fmt.Println(err)
+		}
+		time.AfterFunc(shutdownTimeout, func() {
+			wg.Done()
+		})
+	}()
+
+	wg.Wait()
+	return nil
+}
+
+func makeServiceDefinitions() []pkg.Service {
 	wd, _ := os.Getwd()
-	svcs := []pkg.Service{
-		// pkg.Service{
-		// 	Name:  "faas-containerd",
-		// 	Env:   []string{"snapshotter=overlayfs"},
-		// 	Image: "docker.io/alexellis2/faas-containerd:0.3.2",
-		// 	Mounts: []pkg.Mount{
-		// 		pkg.Mount{
-		// 			Src:  "/run/containerd/containerd.sock",
-		// 			Dest: "/run/containerd/containerd.sock",
-		// 		},
-		// 	},
-		// 	Caps: []string{"CAP_SYS_ADMIN", "CAP_NET_RAW"},
-		// },
+
+	return []pkg.Service{
+		pkg.Service{
+			Name:  "nats",
+			Env:   []string{""},
+			Image: "docker.io/library/nats-streaming:0.11.2",
+			Caps:  []string{},
+			Args:  []string{"/nats-streaming-server", "-m", "8222", "--store=memory", "--cluster_id=faas-cluster"},
+		},
 		pkg.Service{
 			Name:  "prometheus",
 			Env:   []string{},
@@ -53,34 +101,27 @@ func runUp(_ *cobra.Command, _ []string) error {
 				"read_timeout=60s",
 				"write_timeout=60s",
 				"upstream_timeout=65s",
+				"faas_nats_address=nats",
+				"faas_nats_port=4222",
 			},
-			Image:  "docker.io/openfaas/gateway:0.17.4",
+			Image:  "docker.io/openfaas/gateway:0.18.7",
+			Mounts: []pkg.Mount{},
+			Caps:   []string{"CAP_NET_RAW"},
+		},
+		pkg.Service{
+			Name: "queue-worker",
+			Env: []string{
+				"faas_nats_address=nats",
+				"faas_nats_port=4222",
+				"gateway_invoke=true",
+				"faas_gateway_address=gateway",
+				"ack_wait=5m5s",
+				"max_inflight=1",
+				"faas_print_body=true",
+			},
+			Image:  "docker.io/openfaas/queue-worker:0.9.0",
 			Mounts: []pkg.Mount{},
 			Caps:   []string{"CAP_NET_RAW"},
 		},
 	}
-
-	start := time.Now()
-	supervisor, err := pkg.NewSupervisor("/run/containerd/containerd.sock")
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-
-	log.Printf("Supervisor created in: %s\n", time.Since(start).String())
-
-	start = time.Now()
-
-	err = supervisor.Start(svcs)
-
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-
-	defer supervisor.Close()
-
-	log.Printf("Supervisor init done in: %s\n", time.Since(start).String())
-
-	time.Sleep(time.Minute * 120)
-
-	return nil
 }

hack/faas-containerd.service

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+[Unit]
+Description=faasd-containerd
+
+[Service]
+MemoryLimit=500M
+ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/faas-containerd
+Restart=on-failure
+RestartSec=10s
+WorkingDirectory=/usr/local/bin/
+
+[Install]
+WantedBy=multi-user.target

hack/faasd.service

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+[Unit]
+Description=faasd
+After=faas-containerd.service
+
+[Service]
+MemoryLimit=500M
+ExecStart={{.Cwd}}/faasd up
+Restart=on-failure
+RestartSec=10s
+WorkingDirectory={{.Cwd}}
+
+[Install]
+WantedBy=multi-user.target

pkg/supervisor.go

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ import (
 	"os"
 	"os/exec"
 	"path"
-	"syscall"
+	"sync"
 	"time"
 
 	"github.com/alexellis/faasd/pkg/weave"
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/containerd/containerd/cio"
 	"github.com/containerd/containerd/containers"
 	"github.com/containerd/containerd/errdefs"
+	"golang.org/x/sys/unix"
 
 	"github.com/containerd/containerd/namespaces"
 	"github.com/containerd/containerd/oci"
@@ -43,6 +44,18 @@ func (s *Supervisor) Close() {
 	defer s.client.Close()
 }
 
+func (s *Supervisor) Remove(svcs []Service) error {
+	ctx := namespaces.WithNamespace(context.Background(), "default")
+
+	for _, svc := range svcs {
+		err := removeContainer(ctx, s.client, svc.Name)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
 func (s *Supervisor) Start(svcs []Service) error {
 	ctx := namespaces.WithNamespace(context.Background(), "default")
 
@@ -60,7 +73,7 @@ func (s *Supervisor) Start(svcs []Service) error {
 	images := map[string]containerd.Image{}
 
 	for _, svc := range svcs {
-		fmt.Printf("Preparing: %s", svc.Name)
+		fmt.Printf("Preparing: %s with image: %s\n", svc.Name, svc.Image)
 
 		img, err := prepareImage(ctx, s.client, svc.Image)
 		if err != nil {
@@ -69,7 +82,6 @@ func (s *Supervisor) Start(svcs []Service) error {
 		images[svc.Name] = img
 		size, _ := img.Size(ctx)
 		fmt.Printf("Prepare done for: %s, %d bytes\n", svc.Image, size)
-
 	}
 
 	for _, svc := range svcs {
@@ -77,44 +89,9 @@ func (s *Supervisor) Start(svcs []Service) error {
 
 		image := images[svc.Name]
 
-		container, containerErr := s.client.LoadContainer(ctx, svc.Name)
-
-		if containerErr == nil {
-			found := true
-			t, err := container.Task(ctx, nil)
-			if err != nil {
-				if errdefs.IsNotFound(err) {
-					found = false
-				} else {
-					return fmt.Errorf("unable to get task %s: ", err)
-				}
-			}
-
-			if found {
-				status, _ := t.Status(ctx)
-				fmt.Println("Status:", status.Status)
-
-				if status.Status == containerd.Running {
-					log.Println("need to kill", svc.Name)
-
-					err = t.Kill(ctx, syscall.SIGTERM)
-					if err != nil {
-						return fmt.Errorf("error killing task %s, %s, %s", container.ID(), svc.Name, err)
-					}
-					time.Sleep(5 * time.Second)
-				}
-				_, err = t.Delete(ctx)
-				if err != nil {
-					return fmt.Errorf("error deleting task %s, %s, %s", container.ID(), svc.Name, err)
-				}
-
-			}
-
-			err = container.Delete(ctx, containerd.WithSnapshotCleanup)
-			if err != nil {
-				return fmt.Errorf("error deleting container %s, %s, %s", container.ID(), svc.Name, err)
-			}
-
+		containerErr := removeContainer(ctx, s.client, svc.Name)
+		if containerErr != nil {
+			return containerErr
 		}
 
 		mounts := []specs.Mount{}
@@ -173,6 +150,7 @@ func (s *Supervisor) Start(svcs []Service) error {
 			containerd.WithNewSpec(oci.WithImageConfig(image),
 				oci.WithCapabilities(svc.Caps),
 				oci.WithMounts(mounts),
+				withOCIArgs(svc.Args),
 				hook,
 				oci.WithEnv(svc.Env)),
 		)
@@ -182,7 +160,7 @@ func (s *Supervisor) Start(svcs []Service) error {
 			return containerCreateErr
 		}
 
-		fmt.Println("created", newContainer.ID())
+		log.Printf("Created container %s\n", newContainer.ID())
 
 		task, err := newContainer.NewTask(ctx, cio.NewCreator(cio.WithStdio))
 		if err != nil {
@@ -190,7 +168,7 @@ func (s *Supervisor) Start(svcs []Service) error {
 			return err
 		}
 
-		ip := getIP(container.ID(), task.Pid())
+		ip := getIP(newContainer.ID(), task.Pid())
 
 		hosts, _ := ioutil.ReadFile("hosts")
 
@@ -200,7 +178,7 @@ func (s *Supervisor) Start(svcs []Service) error {
 		writeErr := ioutil.WriteFile("hosts", hosts, 0644)
 
 		if writeErr != nil {
-			fmt.Println("Error writing hosts file")
+			log.Println("Error writing hosts file")
 		}
 		// os.Chown("hosts", 101, 101)
 
@@ -277,9 +255,89 @@ type Service struct {
 	Name   string
 	Mounts []Mount
 	Caps   []string
+	Args   []string
 }
 
 type Mount struct {
 	Src  string
 	Dest string
 }
+
+func withOCIArgs(args []string) oci.SpecOpts {
+	if len(args) > 0 {
+		return oci.WithProcessArgs(args...)
+	}
+
+	return func(_ context.Context, _ oci.Client, _ *containers.Container, s *oci.Spec) error {
+
+		return nil
+	}
+
+}
+
+// From Stellar
+func killTask(ctx context.Context, task containerd.Task) error {
+	wg := &sync.WaitGroup{}
+	wg.Add(1)
+	var err error
+	go func() {
+		defer wg.Done()
+		if task != nil {
+			wait, err := task.Wait(ctx)
+			if err != nil {
+				err = fmt.Errorf("error waiting on task: %s", err)
+				return
+			}
+			if err := task.Kill(ctx, unix.SIGTERM, containerd.WithKillAll); err != nil {
+				log.Printf("error killing container task: %s", err)
+			}
+			select {
+			case <-wait:
+				task.Delete(ctx)
+				return
+			case <-time.After(5 * time.Second):
+				if err := task.Kill(ctx, unix.SIGKILL, containerd.WithKillAll); err != nil {
+					log.Printf("error force killing container task: %s", err)
+				}
+				return
+			}
+		}
+	}()
+	wg.Wait()
+
+	return err
+}
+
+func removeContainer(ctx context.Context, client *containerd.Client, name string) error {
+
+	container, containerErr := client.LoadContainer(ctx, name)
+
+	if containerErr == nil {
+		found := true
+		t, err := container.Task(ctx, nil)
+		if err != nil {
+			if errdefs.IsNotFound(err) {
+				found = false
+			} else {
+				return fmt.Errorf("unable to get task %s: ", err)
+			}
+		}
+
+		if found {
+			status, _ := t.Status(ctx)
+			fmt.Printf("Status of %s is: %s\n", name, status.Status)
+
+			log.Printf("Need to kill %s\n", name)
+			err := killTask(ctx, t)
+			if err != nil {
+				return fmt.Errorf("error killing task %s, %s, %s", container.ID(), name, err)
+			}
+		}
+
+		err = container.Delete(ctx, containerd.WithSnapshotCleanup)
+		if err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("error deleting container %s, %s, %s", container.ID(), name, err)
+		}
+	}
+	return nil
+}

pkg/systemd/systemd.go

@@ -0,0 +1,100 @@
+package systemd
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"fmt"
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"text/template"
+
+	execute "github.com/alexellis/go-execute/pkg/v1"
+)
+
+func Enable(unit string) error {
+	task := execute.ExecTask{Command: "systemctl",
+		Args:        []string{"enable", unit},
+		StreamStdio: false,
+	}
+
+	res, err := task.Execute()
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	if res.ExitCode != 0 {
+		return fmt.Errorf("error executing task %s %v, stderr: %s", task.Command, task.Args, res.Stderr)
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+func Start(unit string) error {
+	task := execute.ExecTask{Command: "systemctl",
+		Args:        []string{"start", unit},
+		StreamStdio: false,
+	}
+
+	res, err := task.Execute()
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	if res.ExitCode != 0 {
+		return fmt.Errorf("error executing task %s %v, stderr: %s", task.Command, task.Args, res.Stderr)
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+func DaemonReload() error {
+	task := execute.ExecTask{Command: "systemctl",
+		Args:        []string{"daemon-reload"},
+		StreamStdio: false,
+	}
+
+	res, err := task.Execute()
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	if res.ExitCode != 0 {
+		return fmt.Errorf("error executing task %s %v, stderr: %s", task.Command, task.Args, res.Stderr)
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+func InstallUnit(name string) error {
+
+	tmpl, err := template.ParseFiles("./hack/" + name + ".service")
+
+	wd, _ := os.Getwd()
+	var tpl bytes.Buffer
+	userData := struct {
+		Cwd string
+	}{
+		Cwd: wd,
+	}
+
+	err = tmpl.Execute(&tpl, userData)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	err = writeUnit(name+".service", tpl.Bytes())
+
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func writeUnit(name string, data []byte) error {
+	f, err := os.Create(filepath.Join("/lib/systemd/system", name))
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	defer f.Close()
+	_, err = f.Write(data)
+	return err
+}

resolv.conf

@@ -1,2 +1 @@
-
-nameserver 8.8.8.8
+nameserver 8.8.8.8

vendor/github.com/alexellis/go-execute/LICENSE

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+MIT License
+
+Copyright (c) 2019 Inlets
+
+Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+
+The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+
+THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+SOFTWARE.

vendor/github.com/alexellis/go-execute/pkg/v1/exec.go

@@ -0,0 +1,117 @@
+package execute
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"fmt"
+	"io"
+	"os"
+	"os/exec"
+	"strings"
+)
+
+type ExecTask struct {
+	Command string
+	Args    []string
+	Shell   bool
+	Env     []string
+	Cwd     string
+
+	// StreamStdio prints stdout and stderr directly to os.Stdout/err as
+	// the command runs.
+	StreamStdio bool
+
+	// PrintCommand prints the command before executing
+	PrintCommand bool
+}
+
+type ExecResult struct {
+	Stdout   string
+	Stderr   string
+	ExitCode int
+}
+
+func (et ExecTask) Execute() (ExecResult, error) {
+	argsSt := ""
+	if len(et.Args) > 0 {
+		argsSt = strings.Join(et.Args, " ")
+	}
+
+	if et.PrintCommand {
+		fmt.Println("exec: ", et.Command, argsSt)
+	}
+
+	var cmd *exec.Cmd
+
+	if et.Shell {
+		var args []string
+		if len(et.Args) == 0 {
+			startArgs := strings.Split(et.Command, " ")
+			script := strings.Join(startArgs, " ")
+			args = append([]string{"-c"}, fmt.Sprintf("%s", script))
+
+		} else {
+			script := strings.Join(et.Args, " ")
+			args = append([]string{"-c"}, fmt.Sprintf("%s %s", et.Command, script))
+
+		}
+
+		cmd = exec.Command("/bin/bash", args...)
+	} else {
+		if strings.Index(et.Command, " ") > 0 {
+			parts := strings.Split(et.Command, " ")
+			command := parts[0]
+			args := parts[1:]
+			cmd = exec.Command(command, args...)
+
+		} else {
+			cmd = exec.Command(et.Command, et.Args...)
+		}
+	}
+
+	cmd.Dir = et.Cwd
+
+	if len(et.Env) > 0 {
+		cmd.Env = os.Environ()
+		for _, env := range et.Env {
+			cmd.Env = append(cmd.Env, env)
+		}
+	}
+
+	stdoutBuff := bytes.Buffer{}
+	stderrBuff := bytes.Buffer{}
+
+	var stdoutWriters io.Writer
+	var stderrWriters io.Writer
+
+	if et.StreamStdio {
+		stdoutWriters = io.MultiWriter(os.Stdout, &stdoutBuff)
+		stderrWriters = io.MultiWriter(os.Stderr, &stderrBuff)
+	} else {
+		stdoutWriters = &stdoutBuff
+		stderrWriters = &stderrBuff
+	}
+
+	cmd.Stdout = stdoutWriters
+	cmd.Stderr = stderrWriters
+
+	startErr := cmd.Start()
+
+	if startErr != nil {
+		return ExecResult{}, startErr
+	}
+
+	exitCode := 0
+	execErr := cmd.Wait()
+	if execErr != nil {
+		if exitError, ok := execErr.(*exec.ExitError); ok {
+
+			exitCode = exitError.ExitCode()
+		}
+	}
+
+	return ExecResult{
+		Stdout:   string(stdoutBuff.Bytes()),
+		Stderr:   string(stderrBuff.Bytes()),
+		ExitCode: exitCode,
+	}, nil
+}